{"id":11549,"date":"2024-06-19T14:45:29","date_gmt":"2024-06-19T14:45:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.americanconference.com\/fcpa-dc\/?page_id=11549"},"modified":"2024-06-19T14:56:15","modified_gmt":"2024-06-19T14:56:15","slug":"u-s-implications-of-the-eu-ai-act","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.americanconference.com\/fcpa-dc\/aci-insights\/u-s-implications-of-the-eu-ai-act\/","title":{"rendered":"U.S. Implications of the EU AI Act"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"article-meta\">\r\n  <p class=\"author\">By Jaclyn Jaeger<\/p>\r\n  <p class=\"date\">Wednesday, June 19, 2024<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<p>The European Union (EU) is leading the global charge with AI regulations. U.S. companies are not beyond their regulatory reach, however, and should be preparing their AI risk mitigation efforts accordingly.<\/p>\r\n \r\n<p>\u201cThe EU is taking a highly regulated approach to AI,\u201d said Edward Turtle, an associate at law firm Cooley in the firm\u2019s London office. At the center of it all is \u201ca completely new, bespoke AI regulatory regime, commonly referred to as the AI Act.\u201d<\/p>\r\n \r\n<p>On May 21, 2024, the Council of the European Union gave final approval of the <a href=\"https:\/\/data.consilium.europa.eu\/doc\/document\/PE-24-2024-INIT\/en\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopner noopener\"> AI Act<\/a>, following the EU Parliament\u2019s vote to adopt the legislation on March 13. The European Council\u2019s final vote cleared the way for its formal signature and publication in the Official Journal of the EU.<\/p>\r\n \r\n<p>Turtle noted that the importance of the AI Act is that it is \u201cthe first law in the world to specifically regulate AI technologies on a horizontal basis, meaning across <em>all<\/em> sectors.\u201d<\/p>\r\n \r\n<p>From a legal and compliance standpoint, the international scope of the AI Act regulates AI systems deployed by companies wherever they are located in the world, including U.S. companies, so long as the AI systems affect users in the EU.<\/p>\r\n \r\n<p>Moreover, the reverberations of the AI Act could potentially reach other countries, who may use it as a regulatory blueprint, and so even companies whose AI systems do not affect users in the EU should still be on alert. \u201cMany are predicting that EU regulation on AI will be influential in determining how AI systems are regulated elsewhere in the world, including in the United States,\u201d Turtle said.<\/p>\r\n \r\n<p><strong>High-Risk AI Systems<\/strong><\/p>\r\n \r\n<p>As laid out by the European Commission, the AI rules will, in part:<\/p>\r\n \r\n\t<ul>\r\n        <li>Address risks specifically created by AI applications;<\/li>\r\n\r\n\t<li>Prohibit AI practices that pose unacceptable risks;<\/li>\r\n\r\n\t<li>Determine a list of high-risk applications;<\/li>\r\n\r\n\t<li>Set clear requirements for AI systems for high-risk applications; and<\/li>\r\n\r\n\t<li>Define specific obligations for deployers and providers of high-risk AI applications.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n \r\n<p>The AI Act takes a risk-based approach, meaning that the higher the risk an AP application poses, the more compliance obligations companies must meet. AI systems that pose a \u201cclear threat to the safety, livelihoods, and rights of people will be banned,\u201d the European Commission stated.<\/p>\r\n \r\n<p>Examples of AI systems identified as high-risk include AI used in critical infrastructures that could put the life and health of citizens at risk; product safety components \u2013 for example, AI applications in robot-assisted surgeries; and credit scoring that denies certain citizens opportunities to obtain loans. These are just a few examples. There are several other ways in which AI could pose a high risk.<\/p>\r\n \r\n<p>A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.europarl.europa.eu\/RegData\/etudes\/BRIE\/2021\/698792\/EPRS_BRI(2021)698792_EN.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">briefing <\/a> issued by the European Parliament explained that providers of high-risk AI systems will have to run a \u201cconformity assessment procedure\u201d before their products can be sold and used in the EU. They\u2019ll need to comply with a range of requirements, including for testing, data training, and cybersecurity. In some cases, they\u2019ll have to conduct a \u201cfundamental rights impact assessment\u201d to ensure their systems comply with EU law.<\/p>\r\n \r\n<p>The conformity assessment should be carried out either based on a self-assessment or with the involvement of a notified body. Compliance with European harmonized standards, which are yet to be developed, will grant high-risk AI systems providers a \u201cpresumption of conformity,\u201d the briefing stated. \u201cAfter such AI systems are placed in the market, providers must implement post-market monitoring and take corrective actions if necessary,\u201d the European Parliament\u2019s briefing explained.<\/p>\r\n \r\n<p>The AI Act further introduces \u201climited risk\u201d transparency obligations. If a company uses chatbots, for example, humans should be made aware that they are interacting with a machine so they can make an informed decision whether or not to continue, the European Commission advised.<\/p>\r\n \r\n<p>The European Commission further advised providers \u201cto ensure that AI-generated content is identifiable.\u201d Additionally, the AI Act requires that AI-generated text published to inform the public on matters of public interest must be labeled as \u201cartificially generated,\u201d including \u201caudio and video content constituting deep fakes.\u201d<\/p>\r\n \r\n<p><strong>Hefty Fines<\/strong><\/p>\r\n \r\n<p>Fines for non-compliance depend on the type of violation, but compliance failures will be costly nonetheless. For the most severe violations, a company can face fines of up to 35 million euros, or up to 7% of a company\u2019s annual worldwide turnover for the preceding financial year, whichever is higher, for the prohibited use of AI systems.<\/p>\r\n \r\n<p>Other less severe AI violations may result in fines of up to 15 million euros, or 3% of a company\u2019s annual worldwide turnover for the preceding financial year, whichever is higher. On the less severe end, providing incorrect or misleading information can result in fines of up to 7.5 million EUR, or 1% of a company\u2019s annual turnover.<\/p>\r\n \r\n<p><strong>AI Act Compliance Obligations<\/strong><\/p>\r\n \r\n<p>In light of the AI Act\u2019s passage, and taking into consideration the Act\u2019s provisions, companies may want to consider starting with the following baseline measures:<\/p>\r\n \r\n\t<ul>\r\n         <li><strong>Assess whether, where, and how the company uses AI.<\/strong> Make this a cross-functional effort, getting insights from all key stakeholders throughout the business.<\/li>\r\n\r\n \r\n\t<li><strong>Determine whether the use of the AI system(s) falls under the high-risk or limited-risk category.<\/strong> As required by the AI Act, run a \u201cconformity assessment procedure.\u201d For those in the banking and insurance industries, in particular, a \u201cfundamental rights impact assessment\u201d may be needed to \u201cefficiently ensure that fundamental rights are protected,\u201d the AI Act states.\r\n <\/li>\r\n\r\n\t<li><strong>Develop appropriate, risk-based policies and procedures for employees and third-party vendors, and train and communicate on those new policies and procedures.<\/strong> Define specific obligations for deployers and providers of high-risk AI applications.<\/li>\r\n\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n \r\n<p>Legal counsel and compliance officers also will want to stay on top of the latest AI regulations and industry-leading standards. One example is the National Institute of Standards and Technology\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/nvlpubs.nist.gov\/nistpubs\/ai\/NIST.AI.100-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopner noopener\">AI Risk Management Framework<\/a> (AI RMF) and its recently released draft <a href=\"https:\/\/airc.nist.gov\/docs\/NIST.AI.600-1.GenAI-Profile.ipd.pdf\" target=_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">AI RMF Generative AI Profile<\/a>, which NIST said is intended \u201cto help organizations identify unique risks posed by generative AI and proposes actions for generative AI risk management that best aligns with their goals and priorities.\u201d <\/p>\r\n \r\n<p>\u201cCompliance with international AI and life sciences regulations will be key to mitigating liability risks,\u201d Turtle concluded, \u201cmeaning that maintaining compliance with increasingly complex global regulations will be more important than ever.\u201d <\/p>\r\n \r\n<p><strong>ACI will be holding its conference on \u201cAI Law, Ethics, Safety &#038; Compliance\u201d on Sept. 25-26 in Washington DC. For more information, and to register, please visit: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.americanconference.com\/AI-Law\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.americanconference.com\/AI-Law\/<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n \r\n ","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"By Jaclyn Jaeger Wednesday, June 19, 2024 The European Union (EU) is leading the global charge with AI regulations. U.S. companies are not beyond their regulatory reach, however, and should be preparing their AI risk mitigation efforts accordingly. \u201cThe EU is taking a highly regulated approach to AI,\u201d said Edward Turtle, an associate at law&hellip;","protected":false},"author":20267,"featured_media":0,"parent":6569,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-11549","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>U.S. Implications of the EU AI Act | FCPA and Global Anti-Corruption<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.americanconference.com\/fcpa-dc\/aci-insights\/u-s-implications-of-the-eu-ai-act\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"U.S. Implications of the EU AI Act | FCPA and Global Anti-Corruption\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"By Jaclyn Jaeger Wednesday, June 19, 2024 The European Union (EU) is leading the global charge with AI regulations. 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